محطات القوى Steam Power Plants

محطات القوى Steam Power Plants


TOC
Section 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Scope
1.2 Cancellation
1.3 Policy
Section 2 BASIC DATA
2.1 Economic Analysis
2.2 Economic Studies
2.3 Source of Power
2.4 Private Versus Government Ownership
2.5 Expansion, Rehabilitation, and Replacement of Existing Plants
2.6 Fuel Selection
2.7 Codes and Regulations
2.8 Plant Location Factors
2.9 Types of Power Plants
Section 3 ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE TO DEVELOP A POWER PLANT
3.1 Power Plant Loads
3.2 Steam Power Plant Design
3.3 Plant Design Factors
Section 4 POWER PLANT STEAM GENERATION
4.1 Steam Generators (Boilers)
4.2 Steam Pressures and Temperatures
4.3 Natural Gas Firing
4.4 Fuel Oil Firing
4.5 Coal Firing
4.6 Wood Firing
4.7 Soot Blowers
4.8 Economizers
4.9 Air Heaters
4.10 Forced Draft Fans
4.11 Induced Draft Fans
4.12 Primary Air Fans
4.13 Overfire Air Fans
4.14 Cinder Return Fans
4.15 Stacks
4.16 Blowdown Equipment
4.17 Essential Plant Equipment
4.18 Equipment Selection
Section 5 STEAM TURBINE DESIGN
5.1 Typical Plants and Cycles
5.2 Cogeneration in Steam Power Plants
5.3 Turbine Types
5.4 Turbine Generator Sizes
5.5 Turbine Throttle Pressure and Temperature
5.6 Turbine Exhaust Pressure
5.7 Lubricating Oil Systems
5.8 Generator Types
5.9 Generator Cooling
5.10 Turbine Generator Control
5.11 Turning Gear
5.12 Turbine Generator Foundations
5.13 Auxiliary Equipment
5.14 Installation
5.15 Cleanup, Startup, and Testing
5.16 Operation
Section 6 GENERATOR AND ELECTRICAL FACILITIES DESIGN
6.1 Typical Voltage Ratings and Systems
6.2 Generators
6.3 Generator Leads and Switchyard
Section 7 STEAM CONDENSERS
7.1 Condenser Types
7.2 Condenser Sizes
7.3 Condenser Materials
7.4 Condenser Support
7.5 Condenser Air Removal
Section 8 AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT
8.1 Condensate Storage and Transfer
8.2 Feedwater Heaters
8.3 Heater Drain Pumps
8.4 Deaerators
8.5 Boiler Feed Pumps
8.6 Pressure Reducing and Desuperheating Stations
8.7 Compressed Air System
8.8 Auxiliary Cooling Water System
Section 9 COAL HANDLING
9.1 Unloading Systems
9.2 Coal Crushing
9.3 Coal Storage
9.4 Coal Reclaiming
9.5 Plant Bunker or Silo Storage
9.6 Bunker or Silo Filling Systems
9.7 Coal Scales
9.8 Magnetic Separators
9.9 Coal Sampling
Section 10 ASH HANDLING
10.1 Ash Handling Systems
10.2 Bottom Ash Hoppers
10.3 Clinker Crushers
10.4 Ash Storage
Section 11 CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTATION
11.1 Types of Controls and Control Systems
11.2 Steam Power Plant Controls
11.3 Safety Devices and Interlocks
11.4 Control Loops
11.5 Flow meters
11.6 Pressure Gauges
11.7 Temperature Sensors
11.8 Transmitters
11.9 Recorders
11.10 Controllers
11.11 Operators
11.12 Positioners
11.13 Control Room
Section 12 WATER SUPPLY, MAKEUP, AND TREATMENT
12.1 Water Supply
12.2 Water Makeup
12.3 Water Treatment
12.4 Cooling Water Systems
12.5 Intake Structures
12.6 Outfall Structures
12.7 Cooling Towers
12.8 Cooling Water System Chemical Treatment
Section 13 CORROSION PROTECTION
13.1 Justification
13.2 Causes
13.3 Corrosion Controls
Section 14 SAFETY PROTECTION
14.1 Personnel
14.2 Piping and Equipment
14.3 Air Navigation
14.4 Security
Section 15 FIRE PROTECTION
15.1 General Requirements
15.2 Fuel
15.3 Transformers
15.4 Lubricating and Hydrogen Seal Oil Equipment
15.5 Standpipe and Fire Hose Stations
15.6 Portable Hand-Held Extinguishers
15.7 Typical Fire Protection Systems for Power Plants
Section 16 MISCELLANEOUS
16.1 Piping
16.2 Insulation, Lagging, and Jacketing
16.3 Freeze Protection
16.4 Pipe Supports
16.5 Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning
16.6 Cranes and Hoists
16.7 Metering
16.8 Drainage
16.9 Seismic Design Criteria
16.10 Architectural Criteria
16.11 Structural Criteria
16.12 Electrical Criteria
16.13 Operation and Maintenance Manuals
Section 17 POLLUTION CONTROL
17.1 Air Quality Control
17.2 Water Quality Control
17.3 Oil Spill Control
17.4 Solid Waste Disposal
Section 18 ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS AND PERMITTING
18.1 Air Quality Regulations
18.2 Water Quality Regulations
18.3 Solid Waste Disposal
18.4 Dredge and Fill Regulations
18.5 Permits
Section 19 TESTING
19.1 Equipment Testing
19.2 Preparations for Tests
19.3 Test Equipment and Materials
Section 20 LOAD SHEDDING
20.1 Objectives of Load Shedding Program
20.2 Requirements for Load Reduction
20.3 Methods of Load Shedding
20.4 Electrical Usage and Critcality
Section 21 POWER PLANT COGENERATION
21.1 Definition
21.2 Cycles
21.3 Efficiency
21.4 Methods of Operation
21.5 Interconnection with Utility
21.6 Economics


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